『大東亜戦争への道』（展転社）
中村 粲
その８ 第三章 第一節 日露戦争：三国干渉の高いツケ
日露戦争に始まり満州事変へと続いてゆく極東の禍乱の第一原因は清国の愚策にあった、と著者は言います。すなわち、三国干渉に頼って日本から遼東半島を奪還した清は、却って莫大な報酬を支払う結果となったからです。
まずロシアは日清戦争の翌年李鴻章に露清密約を提案して成立させ、東支鉄道の建設を実現しました。ドイツは、宣教師の殺害を口実に、膠州湾を占領、膠州湾の９９ケ年租借権と山東省の鉄道敷設権と鉱山採掘権を得ました。これを見てロシアはすかさず艦隊を派遣して遼東半島の旅順と大連湾を占領し、２５年間の租借権を獲得しました。フランスはロシアと提携して清を圧迫して、南支の膠州湾９９ケ年の租借権を得ました。それに対抗して、イギリスは九竜半島の99ケ年租借権と、さらにロシアの旅順・大連租借に対抗して威海衛の租借権を獲得するといった一連の動きとなったのでした。また、英国は揚子江沿岸、フランスは海南島と広西・雲南了承、日本は台湾対岸の福建省についてそれぞれ不割譲を清に約させ、自己の勢力圏としました。
ある米国の歴史家（トーマス・ベイレイ）は、この列国のすさまじい侵奪を
清国の「生体解剖」と評しましたが、そのそもそもの元は中国の伝統的な「以夷制夷」という政策を目先の利益追求のために清が実行したところにありました。
・その８，第３章１節 日本語原文：http://hassin.org/01/wp-content/uploads/Road8.pdf
・ 〃 第３章１節 英訳文：http://www.sdh-fact.com/CL/Road8E.pdf
令和４年１２月２３日
「史実を世界に発信する会」 会長 茂木弘道
協力者代表：神奈川大学教授 小山和伸
＊拡散大歓迎
THE ROAD TO THE GREATER EAST ASIAN WAR
Nakamura Akira, Dokkyo University Professor Emeritus
(English Translation: Society for the Dissemination of Historical Fact)
Part 8: Chapter 3: The Russo-Japanese War-1
The author writes that the primary cause of the turmoil in the Far East that commenced with the
Russo-Japanese War and culminated in the Manchurian Incident was monumentally foolish policy
decisions made by the Chinese. When the Japanese retroceded the Liaodong peninsula to China via
the Triple Intervention, instigated by China, the Chinese were now obligated to disburse huge sums
of money.
Russia was the first creditor to demand payment. About one year after the 1st Sino-Japanese War,
Russia approached Li Hongzhang; he agreed to sign the Li-Lobanov secret treaty. According to the treaty, China granted permission for the construction of a railroad crossing Manchuria, with Vladivostok as its terminal, to facilitate the transport of Russian troops.
Once Russia had reaped the rewards of the Triple Intervention, other powers followed suit.
Germany was the first to act; it sent a battleship to Jiaozhou Bay, using the murder of two German
missionaries in Shandong province as a pretext. In the following year Germany extracted a 99-year
lease on Jiazhou Bay from the Chinese, as well as railroad-construction and mining rights in
Shandong. Russia had kept abreast of German activities and, wasting no time, sent troops to the
Liaodong peninsula, occupying Port Arthur and Dalian Bay.
France joined Russia in the scramble for Chinese spoils. It obtained a 99-year lease on Guangzhou Bay in South China. The UK entered the competition, acquiring a 99-year lease on the Kowloon Peninsula; it also acquired a lease on Weihaiwei to counter Russia’s lease on Dalian.
Then, in 1898, the UK extracted a promise from the Chinese not to cede land on the coast of the
Yangzi River, and France agreed to do the same with respect to Hainan Island, Guangxi and Yunnan
provinces, as did Japan with respect to Fujian province, located across from Taiwan, thus embracing
them in the various spheres of influence. An American historian referred to these ghastly usurpations
as the “vivisection of China.”
The Triple Intervention, whereby China had asked Russia and its cohorts to restrain Japan, came at a very high price to China. Additionally, it ended up enmeshing the entire Far East, including Japan, in utter turmoil.
URL: https://www.sdh-fact.com/book-article/2001/
PDF: http://www.sdh-fact.com/CL/Road8E.pdf
MOTEKI Hiromichi, Chairman
Society for the Dissemination of Historical Fact